Enamel frit is mainly composed of quartz, feldspar and other minerals and raw materials with different chemical effects, mixed according to a certain composition, and melted at high temperature to form a pentasilicate glass body.

The enamel layer is formed by enamel coating and firing, but they are different in many respects. The enamel is similar to glass, and the enamel layer is formed in the enamel glass body when the enamel is ground, painted and fired to become an enamel product. A large number of crystals are formed, which changes the structure of the enamel. Therefore, the structure of the porcelain layer is mainly a continuous network frame called a regular mixed polyhedron formed by a variety of networks. The other ions introduced into the enamel will enter the gaps outside the network of the porcelain layer according to a certain combination relationship. There is therefore more order in the porcelain layer than in the enamel.

The porcelain layer includes an ground coat layer, an interpenetrating composite layer between the ground coat layer and the metal interface, an cover coat layer and an interpenetrating composite layer between the cover coat and the ground coat layer. During the firing process of the entire porcelain layer, a series of complex physical and chemical reactions occurred. During this reaction process, changes in the physical and chemical properties of enamel are also caused, but this change is not large.

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