The composition of enamel frit, because the type of enamel is different, the composition will be different. They are composed of oxides that form a glass matrix, flux oxides, oxides that function as oxides, opacified oxides (enamel cover coat), and dense oxides (enamel ground coat). It is composed of colored oxides (enamel color coat), oxides and fluorides that improve the performance of various enamel frits.

Usually can be divided into eight categories, base agent, flux, emulsifying agent, adhesive agent, oxidizing agent, coloring agent, suspending agent and auxiliary agent. These eight types of raw materials do not necessarily play a single role in the actual application process, and one raw material may play two or more than two kinds of functions. Therefore, when understanding the raw materials of enamel frit, it is necessary not only to understand its main function, but also to understand other functions, so as to generate a comprehensive understanding, so as to guide production practice.

The base agent is an integral part of the enamel, and it is the enamel network forming agent, which is the main body of the enamel and the basis for determining its physical and chemical properties. There are many substances that form the enamel matrix, such as SiO2, P2O5, B2O3, Sb2O3, ZrO2, Al2O3, V2O5 and so on. However, only SiO2, P2O6, and B2O3 are commonly used, namely, silicate, phosphosilicate, and borosilicate.

Since the base agent is the basis for determining the physical and chemical properties, different base agents can form enamel with different properties. For example, enamel based on SiO2 has good acid resistance; enamel based on P2O5 has a certain resistance to hydrofluoric acid; enamel based on B2O3 has a smoother and denser porcelain surface. These properties of enamel mainly depend on the composition and content of the formula.